What factor can increase the need for maintenance on the M16A3/M4A1?

The need for maintenance on the M16A3/M4A1 can significantly increase due to a high rate of fire combined with adverse weather conditions. When the rifle is fired at a high rate, it generates more heat and potentially causes increased wear on components, which can lead to malfunctions or decreased reliability. Adverse weather conditions, such as rain or mud, can introduce dirt and moisture into the weapon's mechanisms. These environmental factors can contribute to corrosion or jamming, necessitating more frequent cleaning and maintenance to ensure the rifle remains operational and effective.

In contrast, the use of high-quality ammunition tends to reduce maintenance needs, as it typically burns more cleanly and produces less residue. Extended periods of storage without use can lead to issues like rust or degradation of lubricants, but this is generally manageable with proper storage techniques. Regular inspections every month can help identify maintenance needs before they become critical but do not inherently increase the need; rather, they are a preventive measure.